Effect of Pre-Polarization Process on the Apparent Piezoelectric Response Measured by Point-Ring Method in Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxide Ceramics

Both flexoelectricity and piezoelectricity belong to the electromechanical coupling effect. While only exists in materials whose crystal structure is noncentrosymmetric a pre-polarization process necessary for ferroelectric piezoelectric ceramics, theoretically all dielectric does not require pre-polarization. However, this mean that would be affected by process, considering polarization phenomenon. In work, we prepared perovskite oxide ceramics Ba1−xCaxTiO3 revealed strong effect of on flexoelectric response characterized apparent measured point-ring method. The effective coefficient was separated into one contributed flexoelectric(-like) piezoelectric(-like) quasi-static d33 measurement two-step testing could largely enhanced over 350 pC/N after 900 V polarization, larger than standard response. suggested alter state defect distributions, which further change overall (both intrinsic extrinsic parts) samples. Our work indicates facile method enhance under bending mode.